Influência emocional e comportamental no bruxismo do sono em crianças

Abstract

Currently, a significant number of evidence suggests that the occurrence of sleep bruxism (SB) in children is influenced by psychological characteristics. Although rarely diagnosed, mental health problems are common in children and adolescents. Few studies in the literature have used validated instruments to assess psychological characteristics and SB among children. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of SB and its association with social, emotional and behavioral problems in 8-year-old children enrolled in 20 municipal schools in Pelotas / RS. Data from a multidisciplinary study entitled "Healthy Childhood in Context" were used. A total of 552 children were evaluated from August 2015 to November 2016. The criteria proposed by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine were used to determine SB. The presence of dental wear was verified through clinical examinations, and the parents / guardians answered a questionnaire about the behavior and habits of their children. In addition, the social, emotional and behavioral problems of children were investigated through the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), applied to parents / guardians. Bivariate (chi-square test) and multivariate analysis (Poisson Regression) were performed (P <0.05). The prevalence of was 16%. The multivariate analysis showed a significant association of SB with higher scores in total difficulties (total SDQ) (RP X, 95% CI), emotional symptoms (RP X, 95% CI) and relationship problems with the peers, 95% CI X). Thus, the results of the thesis provide evidence that emotional and behavioral problems are associated with a higher prevalence of sleep bruxism in schoolchildren. The findings reinforce the importance of more interdisciplinary research, involving dentistry and psychology, increasing the understanding of BS and thus helping to create strategies for its interception, avoiding a series of deleterious effects on the stomatognathic system.